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Numerical simulation of micro scale flowing and boiling

Wen WANG, Rui ZHUAN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 396-401 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0049-2

摘要： Numerical simulations of flowing and boiling in micro channels are presented, including the modeling of bubble dynamics of nucleate boiling, and a description of the interface of two phases with the volume-of-fluid (VOF). The two calculated cases are compared with related experimental data in literature. Some simulated results are found corresponding well to the experimental data. The simulated results also show the details of 3-dimensional heat transfer and the flow in micro channels, which are helpful to the investigation of the mechanism of two-phase heat transfer and flow in micro channels.

关键词： volume-of-fluid (VOF) micro channel nucleate boiling bubble dynamics simulation

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基于VOF法的风暴潮洪水演进三维数值模拟

王晓玲,孙宜超,陈华鸿,杨丽美,孙蕊蕊

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第12期页码 56-62

摘要：

为了提高风暴潮灾害应急处置能力，确保防潮安全，文章建立了耦合流体体积函数（VOF）法的三维非稳态水气两相流k－ε模型，采用等效糙率的方法处理城市密集建筑群

关键词：风暴潮洪水演进流体体积函数（VOF）法三维k－ε紊流数学模型水深分布

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Dynamics simulation of bottom high-sediment sea water movement under waves

Xueyi YOU , Wei LIU , Houpeng XIAO ,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 312-315 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0037-y

摘要： The movement of bottom high-sediment sea water under water waves, especially that of the high-sediment water layer close to the sea bottom, is important to the resuspension and settlement of sediment. Supposing that the high-sediment sea water is a Newtonian fluid, based on Navier-Stokes (N-S) theory, the movement of the interfaces of air-water and water-sediment water was tracked by the volume of fluid (VOF) method. The velocity field of sediment water was simulated by considering the effect of water waves. The results show that the movement of sediment water is very different from that of sea water, which provides a solid basis for understanding the resuspension and settlement of sediment and the formation of bottom stripe, and the VOF method can trace the movement of the two interfaces simultaneously; the movement of the air-water interface has a strong effect on that of the water-sediment water interface, while the effect of the water-sediment water interface movement on the air-water interface is not obvious.

关键词： volume of fluid (VOF) method high sediment sea water numerical simulation interface trace Navier-Stokes (N-S) theory

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Assessment of liver volume variation to evaluate liver function

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 421-427 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0223-5

摘要：

In order to assess the value of liver volumetry in cirrhosis and acute liver failure (ALF) patients, we explored the correlation between hepatic volume and severity of the hepatic diseases. The clinical data of 48 cirrhosis patients with 60 normal controls and 39 ALF patients were collected. Computed tomography-derived liver volume (CTLV) and body surface area (BSA) of normal controls were calculated to get a regression formula for standard liver volume (SLV) and BSA. Then CTLV and SLV of all patients were calculated and grouped by Child-Turcotte-Pugh classification for cirrhosis patients and assigned according to prognosis of ALF patients for further comparison. It turned out that the mean liver volume of the control group was 1 058±337 cm³. SLV was correlated with BSA according to the regression formula. The hepatic volume of cirrhosis patients in Child A, B level was not reduced, but in Child C level it was significantly reduced with the lowest liver volume index (CTLV/SLV). Likewise, in the death group of ALF patients, the volume index was significantly lower than that of the survival group. Based on volumetric study, we proposed an ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis to predict the prognosis of ALF patients that CTLV/SLV<83.9% indicates a poor prognosis. In conclusion, the CTLV/SLV ratio, which reflects liver volume variations, correlates well with the liver function and progression of cirrhosis and ALF. It is also a very useful marker for predicting the prognosis of ALF.

关键词： liver volume variation cirrhosis acute liver failure (ALF)

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Destructive and non-destructive evaluation of concrete for optimum sand to aggregate volume ratio

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 1400-1414 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0779-8

摘要： Aggregates are the biggest contributor to concrete volume and are a crucial parameter in dictating its mechanical properties. As such, a detailed experimental investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of sand-to-aggregate volume ratio (s/a) on the mechanical properties of concrete utilizing both destructive and non-destructive testing (employing UPV (ultrasonic pulse velocity) measurements). For investigation, standard cylindrical concrete samples were made with different s/a (0.36, 0.40, 0.44, 0.48, 0.52, and 0.56), cement content (340 and 450 kg/m³), water-to-cement ratio (0.45 and 0.50), and maximum aggregate size (12 and 19 mm). The effect of these design parameters on the 7, 14, and 28 d compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, and UPV of concrete were assessed. The careful analysis demonstrates that aggregate proportions and size need to be optimized for formulating mix designs; optimum ratios of s/a were found to be 0.40 and 0.44 for the maximum aggregate size of 12 and 19 mm, respectively, irrespective of the W/C (water-to-cement) and cement content.

关键词： aggregates non-destructive testing sand-to-aggregate volume ratio (s/a) maximum aggregate size (MAS)

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Review of the LNG intermediate fluid vaporizer and its heat transfer characteristics

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 429-444 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0747-y

摘要： The intermediate fluid vaporizer (IFV), different from other liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporizers, has many advantages and has shown a great potential for future applications. In this present paper, studies of IFV and its heat transfer characteristics in the LNG vaporization unit E2 are systematically reviewed. The research methods involved include theoretical analysis, experimental investigation, numerical simulation, and process simulation. First, relevant studies on the overall calculation and system design of IFV are summarized, including the structural innovation design, the thermal calculation model, and the selection of different intermediate fluids. Moreover, studies on the fluid flow and heat transfer behaviors of the supercritical LNG inside the tubes and the condensation heat transfer of the intermediate fluid outside the tubes are summarized. In the thermal calculations of the IFV, the selections of the existing heat transfer correlations about the intermediate fluids are inconsistent in different studies, and there lacks the accuracy evaluation of those correlations or comparison with experimental data. Furthermore, corresponding experiments or numerical simulations on the cryogenic condensation heat transfer outside the tubes in the IFV need to be further improved, compared to those in the refrigeration and air-conditioning temperature range. Therefore, suggestions for further studies of IFV are provided as well.

关键词： intermediate fluid vaporizer design of structure and intermediate fluid condensation heat transfer

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Review of fluid and control technology of hydraulic wind turbines

Maolin CAI, Yixuan WANG, Zongxia JIAO, Yan SHI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第12卷第3期页码 312-320 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0433-2

摘要：

This study examines the development of the fluid and control technology of hydraulic wind turbines. The current state of hydraulic wind turbines as a new technology is described, and its basic fluid model and typical control method are expounded by comparing various study results. Finally, the advantages of hydraulic wind turbines are enumerated. Hydraulic wind turbines are expected to become the main development direction of wind turbines.

关键词： wind turbine hydraulic system fluid model control technology

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Integration of molecular dynamic simulation and free volume theory for modeling membrane VOC/gas separation

Bo Chen, Yan Dai, Xuehua Ruan, Yuan Xi, Gaohong He

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 296-305 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1701-3

摘要： Gas membrane separation process is highly unpredictable due to interacting non-ideal factors, such as composition/pressure-dependent permeabilities and real gas behavior. Although molecular dynamic (MD) simulation can mimic those complex effects, it cannot precisely predict bulk properties due to scale limitations of calculation algorithm. This work proposes a method for modeling a membrane separation process for volatile organic compounds by combining the MD simulation with the free volume theory. This method can avoid the scale-up problems of the MD method and accurately simulate the performance of membranes. Small scale MD simulation and pure gas permeation data are employed to correlate pressure-irrelevant parameters for the free volume theory; by this approach, the microscopic effects can be directly linked to bulk properties (non-ideal permeability), instead of being fitted by a statistical approach. A lab-scale hollow fiber membrane module was prepared for the model validation and evaluation. The comparison of model predictions with experimental results shows that the deviations of product purity are reduced from 10% to less than 1%, and the deviations of the permeate and residue flow rates are significantly reduced from 40% to 4%, indicating the reliability of the model. The proposed method provides an efficient tool for process engineering to simulate the membrane recovery process.

关键词： membrane vapor separation membrane process modeling process engineering free volume theory volatile organic compound

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Computational fluid dynamics simulation of aerosol transport and deposition

Yingjie TANG, Bing GUO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 362-377 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0365-8

摘要： In this article computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of aerosol transport and deposition, i.e. the transport and deposition of particles in an aerosol, is reviewed. The review gives a brief account of the basics of aerosol mechanics, followed by a description of the general CFD approach for flow field simulation, turbulence modeling, wall treatments and simulation of particle motion and deposition. Then examples from the literature are presented, including CFD simulation of particle deposition in human respiratory tract and particle deposition in aerosol devices. CFD simulation of particle transport and deposition may provide information that is difficult to obtain through physical experiments, and it may help reduce the number of experiments needed for device design. Due to the difficulty of describing turbulent flow and particle-eddy interaction, turbulent dispersion of particles remains one of the greatest challenges for CFD simulation. However, it is possible to take a balanced approach toward quantitative description of aerosol dispersion using CFD simulation in conjunction with empirical relations.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics (CFD) aerosol transport deposition

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Investigation of carbon dioxide photoreduction process in a laboratory-scale photoreactor by computational fluid

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第7期页码 1149-1163 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2096-0

摘要： The production of solar fuels via the photoreduction of carbon dioxide to methane by titanium oxide is a promising process to control greenhouse gas emissions and provide alternative renewable fuels. Although several reaction mechanisms have been proposed, the detailed steps are still ambiguous, and the limiting factors are not well defined. To improve our understanding of the mechanisms of carbon dioxide photoreduction, a multiphysics model was developed using COMSOL. The novelty of this work is the computational fluid dynamic model combined with the novel carbon dioxide photoreduction intrinsic reaction kinetic model, which was built based on three-steps, namely gas adsorption, surface reactions and desorption, while the ultraviolet light intensity distribution was simulated by the Gaussian distribution model and Beer-Lambert model. The carbon dioxide photoreduction process conducted in a laboratory-scale reactor under different carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressures was then modeled based on the intrinsic kinetic model. It was found that the simulation results for methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen yield match the experiments in the concentration range of 10⁻⁴ mol·m^–3 at the low carbon dioxide and water moisture partial pressure. Finally, the factors of adsorption site concentration, adsorption equilibrium constant, ultraviolet light intensity and temperature were evaluated.

关键词： carbon dioxide photoreduction computational fluid dynamic simulation kinetic model Langmuir adsorption

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Wind-induced vibration control of Hefei TV tower with fluid viscous damper

Zhiqiang ZHANG , Aiqun LI , Jianping HE , Jianlei WANG ,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 249-254 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0038-x

摘要： The Hefei TV tower is taken as an analytical case to examine the control method with a fluid viscous damper under wind load fluctuation. Firstly, according to the random vibration theory, the effect of fluctuating wind on the tower can be modeled as a 19-dimensional correlated random process, and the wind-induced vibration analysis of the tower subjected to dynamic wind load was further obtained. On the basis of the others’ works, a bi-model dynamic model is proposed. Finally, a dynamic model is proposed to study the wind-induced vibration control analysis using viscous fluid dampers, and the optimal damping coefficient is obtained regarding the wind-induced response of the upper turret as optimization objectives. Analysis results show that the maximum peak response of the tower under dynamic wind load is far beyond the allowable range of the code. The wind-induced responses and the wind vibration input energy of the tower are decreased greatly by using a fluid viscous damper, and the peak acceleration responses of the upper turret is reduced by 43.4%.

关键词： high-rise structure wind-induced response fluid viscous damper vibration control

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Effect of gastric fluid on adsorption and desorption of endocrine disrupting chemicals on microplastics

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1525-8

摘要：

• Effect of gastric fluid on EDCs adsorption-desorption to microplastics was evaluated.

关键词： Microplastics Gastric fluid Endocrine-disrupting chemicals Adsorption Desorption

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V-shaped substrate for surface and volume enhanced Raman spectroscopic analysis of microplastics

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1578-8

摘要：

● V-shaped substrate was obtained for SERS analysis of microplastics (diameter ≈ 1 μm).

关键词： SERS V-shaped AAO Microplastic Atmospheric aerosol

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Modeling limit force capacities of high force to volume lead extrusion dampers

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期页码 609-622 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0724-x

摘要： Lead extrusion dampers are supplemental energy-dissipation devices that are used to mitigate seismic structural damage. Small volumetric sizes and high force capacities define high-force-to-volume (HF2V) devices, which can absorb significant response energy without sacrificial damage. However, the design of such devices for specific force capacities has proven difficult based on the complexities of their internal reaction mechanisms, leading to the adoption of empirical approaches. This study developed upper- and lower-bound force capacity estimates from analytical mechanics based on direct and indirect metal extrusion for guiding design. The derived equations are strictly functions of HF2V device geometric parameters, lead material properties, and extrusion mechanics. The upper-bound estimates from direct and indirect extrusion are denoted as (F_UB,1, F_UB,2) and (F_UB,3, F_UB,4), respectively, and the lower-bound estimates are denoted as (F_LB, F_LB,1) based on the combination of extrusion and friction forces. The proposed models were validated by comparing the predicted bounds to experimental force capacity data from 15 experimental HF2V device tests. The experimental device forces all lie above the lower-bound estimates (F_LB, F_LB,1) and below the upper-bound estimates (F_UB,1, F_UB,2, F_UB,4). Overall, the (F_LB, F_UB,2) pair provides wider bounds and the (F_LB,1, F_UB,4/F_UB,1) pair provides narrower bounds. The (F_LB,1, F_UB,1) pair has a mean lower-bound gap of 36%, meaning the lower bound was 74% of the actual device force on average. The mean upper-bound gap was 33%. The bulge area and cylinder diameter of HF2V devices are key parameters affecting device forces. These relatively tight bounds provide useful mechanics-based predictive design guides for ensuring that device forces are within the targeted design range after manufacturing.

关键词： extrusion lead dampers upper and lower bound analytical modelling limit force

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Detection of digestive malignancies and post-gastrectomy complications via gastrointestinal fluid examination

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第1期页码 20-31 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0493-4

摘要：

To date, gastric carcinoma (GC) is one of the common and fatal digestive malignancies worldwide. The prognosis of GC is not always satisfactory because of late diagnosis. Scholars are keen on discovering novel accurate and economical biomarkers in body liquids for GC screening to detect and evaluate the lesion before the results of imaging techniques are obtained. While traditional serum assays have limited sensitivity and specificity, gastrointestinal juice may provide relevant specific biomarkers because of its close contact with the tumor. Herein, the current progress in the relationship between gastrointestinal fluid analyses and GC is systematically and comprehensively reviewed. The detection of gastric juice pH, fluorescence spectrum, cytology, Helicobacter pylori-associated markers, nitrosamines, conventional tumor markers, amino acids, proteomics, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, protein-coding genes, vitamin C, etc., and combination tests of different category markers could provide important diagnostic and prognostic clues for gastrointestinal diseases. Particularly, early GC may be efficiently screened using gastric juice. Gastrointestinal fluid examination could also predict the adverse effects of postgastrectomy, such as pancreatic leakage, fistula, and abscess. Gastric fluid markers should be further studied to reveal the early predicators of malignancy and complications. The methods for obtaining the samples of gastrointestinal juice with minimum incision should also be comprehensively investigated.

关键词： gastrointestinal fluid gastric carcinoma biomarker diagnosis prognosis gastrectomy adverse events